Glossary
Private carrier
A company that hauls its own property to support its business rather than transporting freight for pay. Haul Handbook publishes no state-by-state page for this term, across 26 live states, checked Aug 9, 2026.
By Evan Reid, Founder of Haul Handbook · Updated Jul 19, 2026
A private carrier generally needs a USDOT number but not for-hire operating authority.
Where this term is defined
This definition follows the authority that defines the term. Read the source directly:
FMCSA, 49 CFR 390.5 (definitions)Read more
The full guide goes past the definition into the filings, deadlines, and steps: Operating authority vs USDOT number.
Related terms
Operating authority
The federal permission a for-hire carrier or broker needs to transport regulated freight or arrange it across state lines. FMCSA grants it as one or more authority types tied to a docket (MC) number, separate from the USDOT number that identifies the company.
USDOT number
The unique identifier FMCSA assigns to a company that operates commercial vehicles in interstate commerce, used to track its safety record, inspections, and audits. Many intrastate carriers also need one under their state rules.
Apportioned plate
A single license plate issued under the IRP that lets a commercial vehicle operate in every member jurisdiction. The registrant pays each jurisdiction a share of the fee based on the miles the fleet travels there.
Base jurisdiction
The single state or province where a carrier registers under IRP and licenses under IFTA, chosen by where the fleet is based and keeps its records. The base jurisdiction collects the fees and taxes and settles them with the other member jurisdictions.